The Relationship of Cases with Isolated Proteinuria in Pregnancy with Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes

INTRODUCTION: There are a limited number of studies in the literature on the obstetric consequences of isolated gestational proteinuria (IGP) disease and the progression of preeclampsia (PE). It has been stated that gestational proteinuria may be a risk factor for PE. With this study, we aimed to determine the risk factors for the development of PE in cases with isolated proteinuria during pregnancy and to compare the maternal and perinatal outcomes of the cases.
METHODS: The study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional study. Pregnant women over the 20th gestational week and diagnosed with proteinuria by 24 hour urine analysis were included in the study. Patients who were diagnosed with gestational proteinuria and did not develop PE during their follow up were classified as IGP and patients who developed PE.
RESULTS: The average time between the detection of proteinuria and the development of PE was calculated as 16 days. Week of gestation at delivery(p<.001)and the time between proteinurine detection and delivery(p=.002) were significantly lower in the PE group. In 52 of 185 patients with gestational proteinuria in total, proteinuria was detected an average of 32w 5d, and increased blood pressure and development of PE occured at an average of 35 weeks of gestation. NB intensive care requirement, preterm delivery and IUGR rates were found to be significantly higher in the group with PE. Ceserean delivery rate in IGP was calculated as 54.14%,ceserean delivery rate in PE was 78.85%. A significant correlation was found between the history of preeclampsia in the development of preeclampsia in IGP patients(OR: 11,000 (1,199-100,883), p=0.034) and increased urine proteinuria(OR: 1,0001 (1,000-1,001),p=0.007).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Patients who have had preeclampsia before and who have a high 24 hour urine value are more likely to return to PE. IGP has a more benign prognosis in terms of maternal and fetal compared to PE.