INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to investigate whether the glucose-to-potassium ratio (GPR) can predict adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes.
METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 80 pregnant women diagnosed with pregestational or gestational diabetes, as well as 120 healthy pregnant women, between 2023 and 2025. GPR was calculated by dividing the glucose level by the potassium level in the venous blood sample taken at the time of delivery. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive value of GPR for adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
RESULTS: In maternal diabetes, multiparity and comorbid conditions were found to be higher. The gestational age at delivery was similar in both groups; however, the birth weight of neonates born to diabetic mothers was statistically higher. The NICU admission and adverse obstetric outcomes were higher in the case group. The median GPR level was 23.4 in the diabetes group and 20.3 in the control group (p < 0.001). When all participants were analysed, the optimal cut-off value of GPR for predicting NICU admission was found to be 21.7 (AUC 0.583, Sensitivity 55.3%, Specificity 55.1%, 95% CI 0.505–0.667, p = 0.043). Glucose levels were found to be statistically significant in predicting NICU admission and adverse obstetric outcomes (p = 0.017 and p = 0.005, respectively). However, these markers did not show predictive value within the diabetic group.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: GPR and hyperglycemia may be associated with adverse obstetric outcomes.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of intravaginal misoprostol for therapeutic abortion indications and to determine whether this regimen represents a safe and effective option in routine practice.
METHODS: This prospective observational study included 36 patients (mean age 27.5 ± 6.8 years; mean gestational age 16.3 ± 8.5 weeks) admitted with therapeutic abortion indications. Following baseline ultrasound and pelvic examination with modified Bishop scoring, intravaginal misoprostol was administered every 6 hours: 200 µg for pregnancies ≤20 weeks and 100 µg for >20 weeks, until expulsion. Patients were monitored with 2-hourly vital signs and post-expulsion uterine revision when indicated. Outcomes analyzed included success rates, adverse events, and induction-to-delivery intervals.
RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 27.5 ± 6.8 years, with gestational ages ranging from 7–40 weeks. Most cases (80.6%) occurred at ≤20 weeks. The overall successful abortion rate was 97.2%. Mean induction-to-delivery intervals was significantly shorter at ≤20 weeks (583 ± 437 min) compared to >20 weeks (1183 ± 933 min; p < 0.001). Dose escalation beyond the initial dose occurred in over half of patients in both gestational groups (51.7% at ≤20 weeks and 57.2% at >20 weeks). Only one patient experienced transient diarrhea; no severe complications occurred.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Intravaginal misoprostol demonstrates high efficacy and safety for therapeutic abortion across all gestational ages, with appropriate adjustments in dosing. Initial higher doses at ≤20 weeks and cautious dosing escalation beyond 20 weeks appear effective and safe.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intralesional Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) in patients with recalcitrant warts in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled setting.
METHODS: A total of 55 patients with treatment-resistant warts were enrolled between July 2003 and February 2005. Participants were randomized into two groups: one received intralesional PPD injections, and the other received placebo (saline) at two-week intervals for a total of four sessions. Only one target lesion per patient was injected. Baseline and post-treatment wart dimensions were recorded, and patients were followed for two months after treatment completion. Clinical response was categorized as complete, partial, minimal, stable, or progressive. Adverse effects were monitored throughout the study.
RESULTS: Forty-five patients completed the treatment and follow-up period. Both groups showed statistically significant reductions in target wart size (PPD: from 34.86 ± 30.58 mm² to 13.55 ± 21.71 mm², p<0.001; Placebo: from 48.65 ± 62.08 mm² to 23.96 ± 21.45 mm², p<0.05). Complete or ≥50% regression was observed in 68.2% of the PPD group and 50.8% of the placebo group; however, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). No serious adverse effects were reported, and minor local reactions occurred in only two patients in the PPD group.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Intralesional PPD is a safe and potentially effective therapeutic option for recalcitrant warts. Although clinical improvements were observed, its efficacy did not significantly differ from placebo in this trial.

Introductıon: The purpose of this article is to report a rare case of twin pregnancy complicated by a complete hydatidiform mole with a live fetus and to review the clinical challenges associated with its management.
Case Presentation: A 21-year-old woman in her third pregnancy with a history of one previous birth and one miscarriage was referred to our tertiary clinic at 21 weeks of gestation with a suspected molar pregnancy. Ultrasonography revealed a dichorionic twin pregnancy consisting of a normal fetus and its anterior placenta, along with a posterior placental mass with a “bunch of grapes” appearance. Laboratory findings showed markedly elevated β-hCG levels and suppressed TSH values. Amniocentesis confirmed a normal fetal karyotype, but concurrent mole tissue analysis was initially inconclusive. The pregnancy was closely monitored with weekly β-hCG and ultrasound assessments. At 33+6 weeks, an emergency cesarean section was performed due to vaginal bleeding, and a male baby weighing 1750 g was born. Postnatal histopathology confirmed a complete hydatidiform mole in one placenta and a normal placenta in the other. Postpartum β-hCG levels gradually decreased, and no evidence of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia was observed on follow-up.
Conclusion: Twin pregnancy with a complete hydatidiform mole and a coexisting fetus is an extremely rare condition associated with significant maternal and fetal risks. Careful monitoring t may allow favorable outcomes in selected cases where continuation of pregnancy is chosen.

Complications such as stricture and polyps may develop in the long term due to the fully covered stent used for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal tract perforations. However, the early presentation of these complications is rare. In the present report, our objective was to present a case of stricture development and polyp formation in the upper and lower ends of the stent in a 47-year-old woman who developed perforation during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The stent remained in place for a short period, and the lesions progressed rapidly. We aim to highlight that these complications can arise within a short period.